Hōʻike ʻia ka haʻawina no ka manawa mua e hiki i nā inike ke pāʻani me nā pōpō lāʻau liʻiliʻi. He mea kēia e pili ana i ko lākou kūlana manaʻo?
He mea kākau ʻepekema ʻo Monisha Ravisetti no CNET. Kamaʻilio ʻo ia e pili ana i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke aniau, nā rockets space, nā puʻupuʻu makemakika, nā iwi dinosaur, nā lua ʻeleʻele, nā supernova, a i kekahi manawa nā hoʻokolohua noʻonoʻo noʻonoʻo. Ma mua, he mea kākau ʻepekema ʻo ia no ka paʻi hoʻomaka ʻana ʻo The Academic Times, a ma mua o kēlā, he mea noiʻi immunology ʻo ia ma Weill Cornell Medical Center ma New York. I ka makahiki 2018, ua puka 'o ia mai ke Kulanui o New York me ke kēkelē laepua ma ka philosophy, physics, and chemistry. ʻAʻole ʻo ia ma kāna pākaukau, hoʻāʻo ʻo ia (a ʻaʻole) e hoʻomaikaʻi i kona kūlana ma ka chess pūnaewele. ʻO kāna mau kiʻiʻoniʻoni punahele ʻo Dunkirk a me Marseille i nā kāmaʻa.
Ke pale nei nā bumblebees i kou ala mai ka home a i ke kaʻa? ʻaʻole pilikia. Hāʻawi kahi haʻawina hou i kahi ala hoihoi a hoihoi loa e pale aku iā lākou. Hāʻawi i nā holoholona i kahi pōpō lāʻau liʻiliʻi a hiki iā lākou ke hauʻoli a hoʻōki i ka hoʻoweliweli iā ʻoe i kāu huakaʻi kakahiaka.
Ma ka Pōʻalima, ua hōʻike kekahi hui o nā mea noiʻi i nā hōʻike e hauʻoli nā bumblebees, e like me ke kanaka, i ka pāʻani me nā hāmeʻa leʻaleʻa.
Ma hope o ke komo ʻana i nā bumblebees he 45 i nā hoʻokolohua he nui, ua maopopo ka pilikia o ka nalo i ka ʻōwili pinepine ʻana i nā pōpō lāʻau, ʻoiai ʻaʻohe o lākou manaʻo no kēia. ʻO ia hoʻi, me he mea lā e "pāʻani" ana nā nalo me ka pōleʻa. Eia kekahi, e like me nā kānaka, he mau makahiki ka nalo i ka wā e nalowale ai ko lākou pāʻani.
Wahi a kekahi ʻatikala i paʻi ʻia i ka mahina i hala ma ka puke pai Animal Behavior, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā piʻi ʻōpio ma mua o nā pi kahiko, e like me kou manaʻo e pāʻani nā keiki i nā pāʻani ma mua o nā pākeke. Ua ʻike pū ka hui i ka ʻōwili ʻana o ka nalo kāne i ka pōleʻa ma mua o ka nalo wahine. (Akā ʻaʻole maopopo inā pili kēia bit i ka ʻano kanaka.)
"Ke hāʻawi nei kēia haʻawina i nā hōʻike ikaika e ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka ʻike o nā pepeke ma mua o kā mākou i manaʻo ai," wahi a Lars Chitka, ke kaukaʻi o ka sensory and behavioral ecology ma Queen Mary University of London, nāna i alakaʻi i ka noiʻi. "He nui nā holoholona e pāʻani wale ana no ka leʻaleʻa, akā ʻo ka hapa nui o nā hiʻohiʻona he mau manu ʻōpio a me nā manu."
He mea koʻikoʻi ka ʻike ʻana i ka pāʻani ʻana i nā iniseti, no ka mea, hāʻawi ia iā mākou i ka manawa e hoʻoholo ai e ʻike paha lākou i kekahi mau manaʻo maikaʻi. Hāpai kēia i nā nīnau pili pono e pili ana i kā mākou hana ʻana iā lākou. Ke mahalo nei mākou i nā holoholona waha ʻole e like me ka hiki? E hoʻopaʻa inoa mākou iā lākou ma ke ʻano he poʻe ʻike?
ʻO Frans BM de Waal, ka mea kākau o ka puke kūʻai maikaʻi loa ʻo Are We Smart Enough to Know How Smart Animals i hōʻuluʻulu i kahi hapa o ka pilikia ma ka ʻōlelo ʻana "no ka hiki ʻole o nā holoholona ke ʻōlelo, ua hōʻole ʻia ko lākou mau manaʻo."
He ʻoiaʻiʻo paha kēia no nā pi. No ka laʻana, ʻike ʻia kahi noiʻi 2011 ua ʻike nā pi i nā loli i ka kemika o ka lolo i ka wā i hoʻāla ʻia a hoʻoluliluli wale ʻia e nā mea noiʻi. Pili pololei kēia mau hoʻololi i ka hopohopo, ke kaumaha, a me nā ʻano noʻonoʻo ʻē aʻe a mākou e ʻike ai i loko o ke kanaka a me nā mea momona ʻē aʻe, akā naʻe, ma muli paha o ka hiki ʻole o nā iniseti ke ʻōlelo, koe wale nō ka uē a i ʻole nā hiʻohiʻona maka, ʻaʻole mākou manaʻo he mau manaʻo ko lākou.
"Ke hāʻawi nei mākou i nā hōʻike hou aʻe.
ʻO koʻu manaʻo, e nānā i ke wikiō ma lalo nei a ʻike ʻoe i kahi puʻupuʻu o nā pi plump e ʻolokaʻa ana ma luna o ka pōpō me he mea lā i loko o ka circus. He ʻoluʻolu a ʻoluʻolu loa no ka mea ʻike mākou hana wale lākou no ka mea leʻaleʻa.
Ua hoʻonoho ʻo Chittka a me nā kānaka ʻepekema ʻē aʻe i 45 bumblebees i loko o kahi pāʻani a laila hōʻike iā lākou i nā hiʻohiʻona like ʻole e hiki ai iā lākou ke koho inā "pāʻani" a ʻaʻole paha.
I hoʻokahi hoʻokolohua, loaʻa i nā inike ke komo i ʻelua lumi. ʻO ka mua he pōleʻa neʻe, ʻaʻohe mea ʻē aʻe. E like me ka mea i manaʻo ʻia, makemake nā pi i nā keʻena e pili ana i ka neʻe ʻana o ka pōleʻa.
I kekahi hihia, hiki i nā pi ke koho i kahi ala hiki ʻole i ka wahi hānai a i ʻole e haʻalele i ke ala i kahi me kahi pōpō lāʻau. Nui nā poʻe e koho i ka wai kinipōpō. ʻOiaʻiʻo, i ka wā o ka hoʻokolohua, ʻolokaʻi ʻia ka pōleʻa hoʻokahi pepeke mai 1 a 117 manawa.
No ka pale ʻana i ka hui ʻana o nā mea hoʻololi, ua hoʻāʻo nā mea noiʻi e hoʻokaʻawale i ka manaʻo o ka pāʻani kinipōpō. No ka laʻana, ʻaʻole lākou i uku i nā pi no ka pāʻani ʻana me ka pōleʻa a hoʻopau i ka hiki ke hoʻokau ʻia lākou i kekahi ʻano koʻikoʻi i loko o kahi keʻena pōleʻa ʻole.
"He mea hoihoi a leʻaleʻa i kekahi manawa ke nānā aku i nā bumblebees e pāʻani ana i kekahi ʻano pāʻani," wahi a ka mea noiʻi ʻo Queen Mary University ʻo Samadi Galpayaki, ka mea kākau kumu o ka noiʻi. liʻiliʻi a me ka lolo liʻiliʻi, ʻoi aku lākou ma mua o nā mea robotic liʻiliʻi.
"E ʻike maoli paha lākou i kekahi ʻano kūlana manaʻo maikaʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi kahi ʻano kumu ʻole, e like me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe a i ʻole nā holoholona huluhulu ʻē aʻe," i hoʻomau ai ʻo Galpage. "He hopena kēia ʻike no ko mākou ʻike ʻana i ka ʻike a me ka maikaʻi o nā pepeke a me ka manaʻolana e paipai iā mākou e mahalo a pale aku i ke ola ma ka Honua."
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-10-2022
